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Just published: Highstead, near Chislet, Kent
Archaeology of Canterbury monograph series
Archaeology of Canterbury (New Series)
Occasional Papers
Publications for children and teachers
Canterbury's Archaeology: Annual Reports
Other Publications and Miscellanea

Highstead, near Chislet, Kent. Excavations 1975–1977

The Archaeology of Canterbury (New Series) Vol IV

Paul Bennett, Peter Couldrey and Nigel Macpherson-Grant

Professor Barry Cunliffe writes in his foreword:

‘The publication of the excavation of the multi-period settlement site at Highstead near Chislet is a matter for celebration. Highstead, with its long sequence of occupation spanning the first millennium B.C. and early first millennium A.D., was excavated under difficult conditions between 1975 and 1977 in those pioneering days when rescue archaeology was in its infancy. It is a story well told by Paul Bennett in his preface and is a stark reminder of how hand-to-mouth archaeology was in the era before developer-funding. What the small dedicated team managed to recover during the course of those three punishing years was little short of remarkable. More remarkable still has been the dogged determination of the Canterbury Archaeological Trust to see the project through to the completion of full academic publication.

The value of Highstead is two-fold. It is a type-site for Late Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement in eastern Britain and it provides a pottery sequence without parallel in the region which demonstrates not only the longue durée development of ceramic technology throughout the first millennium but also the mobility of ideas – and of course people – between the Continent and Britain. It is no exaggeration to say that Highstead calls for a complete reassessment of connectivity in the Channel–North Sea zone.

Paul Bennett, in his preface, says that this report is ‘unashamedly old fashioned’. If by this he means it is designed to be used rather than to impress, he is right. There is an unfortunate tendency these days to produce either superficial, colourful accounts bereft of necessary detail or tortured constructions muddling interpretation with observation. The Highstead report is crisp, well structured and a delight to use. The facts are logically presented and easy of access, and there follows a splendid interpretative essay succinctly placing the site in its national and international context. What more could one want?’

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket.
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 329 pages, 164 figures and 17 plates.
ISBN 978 1 870545 11 2
Price £25.00 (GBP) / €38.63 (EURO)

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
AND FUNDED BY ENGLISH HERITAGE

The Archaeology of Canterbury monograph series

This is our first monograph series begun in the early 1980s.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 236 pages, 106 figures, 16 plates
ISBN 0 906746 01 9
Price GB £5.00

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Vol II Excavations on the Roman and Medieval Defences of Canterbury
S.S. Frere, Sally Stow and Paul Bennett (1982)
Sites covered: Westgate Gardens; Burgate Lane; Riding Gate; Castle; Worth Gate; Dane John Tower; Bus Station Tower; City Wall in the Old Cattle Market; Bus Station; No. 1 Watling Street; The Burgate, Queningate; Church Lane excavations 197 ; 19 Pound Lane; Westgate.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 180 pages, 85 figures, 10 plates
ISBN 0 906746 03 5
Price GB £5.00

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Vol IV Excavations in the Cathedral Precincts, 2 'Meister Omers', Linacre Garden, and St Gabriel's Chapel
J.D. Driver, J. Rady and M. Sparks (1990)
Sites covered in addition to the above: North-east transept of the cathedral; Cathedral nave 1973.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 299 pages, 96 figures, 26 plates
ISBN 0 906746 14 0
Price GB £5.00

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
WITH THE AID OF GENEROUS GRANTS FROM THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF CANTERBURY,
THE SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND THE FRIENDS OF CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST, AND OF A LOAN FROM THE KING'S SCHOOL, CANTERBURY

Vol V Excavations in the Marlowe Car Park and Surrounding Areas
K. Blockley, M. Blockley, P. Blockley, S.S. Frere and S. Stow (1995)

Some of the largest and most important urban excavations ever undertaken in Europe are presented in this publication. They were conducted in the heart of the City of Canterbury, giving a record of its occupation over the last 2,000 years. Early excavations were carried out by the Canterbury Excavation Committee between 1946 and 1955, and more recently by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust between 1978 and 1982, prior to the construction of a large shopping arcade.

Part I provides an interpretation of over 100 structures which are discussed and illustrated in detail. These include a Belgic triple-ditched enclosure containing round-houses; the Roman public bath-house, portico and piscina, with adjacent town-houses, shops and streets; Anglo-Saxon sunken structures; medieval churches with associated burials, stables and rubbish pits; and a number of post-medieval buildings.

Part II contains extensive reports on the finds including important groups of Late Roman, Anglo-Saxon and post-medieval pottery. Amongst the small find reports is a large collection of brooches dating from pre-Roman to Anglo-Saxon times; waste from a Roman bone pin workshop; a unique group of Roman horse harness equipment; and Anglo-Saxon bone combs. A large assemblage of glass including a fragment of a Roman chariot race cup is published, as well as specialist reports on building materials including painted wall plaster, marble and tile.

Boxed set of two hardback volumes and wallet with outsize illustrations.
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 1343 pages, 580 figures, 163 plates and wallet with 30 outsize figures.
ISBN 1 870545 02 8
Price GB £60.00

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD WITH THE AID OF A GRANT
FROM ENGLISH HERITAGE AND A DONATION FROM HERITAGE PROJECTS (CANTERBURY) LTD

Vol VII Excavations in the St George's Street and Burgate Street Areas
S.S. Frere and Sally Stow (1983).
Sites covered: St George's Street bath-building; apsed building; excavations north and south of the street; excavations east and west of Canterbury Lane; excavations along Burgate Street; Bus Station.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 368 pages, 144 figures, 37 plates
ISBN 0 906746 04 3
Price GB £5.00

PUBLISHED FOR CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST BY KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Vol VIII Canterbury Excavations:
Intra- and Extra-Mural Sites 1949–1955 and 1980–1984
S.S. Frere, P. Bennett, J. Rady and S. Stow (1987)
Sites covered: Old Park, Sturry Road; The Conduit House, cathedral water supply; 7–8 Church Street (St Paul's); 7 St George's Place; 1 Oaten Hill Court; Whitehall Road; 3 Queen's Avenue; St Dunstan's churchyard; Cranmer House, London Road; St Peter's Lane; 25 St Peter's Street; 53 King Street; 3 Palace Street; 7 Palace Street; Blackfriars Gate; King's Bridge and All Saints Church; County Hotel and Fleur-de-Lis Yard: the Forum Area; High Street sewer tunnel; 9 High Street; 14–15 Best Lane; 44 Burgate Street; St Mildred's, Rose Lane; 44 Watling Street; Marlowe Avenue; 15a Dane John.

ISBN 0 906746 10 8
Price GB £5.00

The Archaeology of Canterbury (New Series)

Vol I Canterbury Cathedral Nave: Archaeology, History and Architecture
Kevin Blockley, Margaret Sparks and Tim Tatton-Brown (1997)

In the spring of 1993 the relaying of the nave floor of Canterbury Cathedral allowed for an excavation by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust which revealed the foundations of the Anglo-Saxon churches. A few fragments remain of a seventh-century Kentish church like those formerly at St Augustine's Abbey and Reculver. This was extended in the ninth century to provide a church with a long nave and aisles. The design of its east end was not established by excavation, as this lies under the existing crypt, but it is known to have been apsidal. To this church was added a large western apse with hexagonal stair towers in the early eleventh century. Thus the Anglo-Saxon cathedral at its fullest extent has been described as ‘one of the major early medieval churches of northern Europe’.

The excavation report by Kevin Blockley is published with figures, photographs and plans, plus two reconstruction drawings by Ivan Lapper, of the Anglo-Saxon cathedral and that of Lanfranc, finished in 1077, the foundations of which were also discovered. There are the normal specialist short reports. In addition there are two essays on the nave. Tim Tatton-Brown writes about the rebuilding of the Lanfranc nave between 1377–1405, and the later fifteenth-century rebuilding of the western transepts and crossing tower. His essay is based on many years' study of the architecture and documents. Margaret Sparks’ essay is in two parts – the liturgical use of the nave 1077–1540 and the fittings, repair and use of the nave 1541–1993. Evidence has been assembled from chronicles, inventories, antiquarians’ descriptions, Dean and Chapter documents and prints and drawings.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 248 pages, 88 figures, 93 plates.
ISBN 1 870545 03 6
Price GB £25.00

PUBLISHED BY THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL
AND CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD

Vol II St Gregory’s Priory, Northgate, Canterbury Excavations 1988–1991
Martin Hicks & Alison Hicks

Between 1988 and 1991 the extensive remains of two ecclesiastical establishments were excavated at the site of St Gregory’s Priory in Northgate, Canterbury. The first is traditionally recorded as being founded in A.D. 1084 by Archbishop Lanfranc, as a sister establishment to St John’s Hospital on the opposite side of the Northgate road. After a fire in 1145 the priory was rebuilt on a grander scale, probably under the patronage of Archbishop Theobald (1139–61). The excavations uncovered substantial parts of both Lanfranc’s foundation and Theobald’s priory.

The report uses the archaeological data and documentary evidence to detail the development history of the ecclesiastical establishments. Later chapters examine the range of artefactual material recovered from the site including the important collections of architectural fragments and floor tiles, which together with the window glass, wall plaster and other structural artefacts provide evidence of the internal and external decorations. The pottery and domestic objects suggest how the priory inhabitants may have lived and interacted with medieval society around them. Study of the animal bones, environmental remains and human skeletal material has provided an insight into the diet, prosperity and economy of the inhabitants. A final chapter uses documentary evidence to describe the history of the priory up to its dissolution in 1537.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket.
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 431 pages. 256 figures and plates (17 in colour).
ISBN 1 870545 04 4
Price GB £55.00

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
AND FUNDED BY ENGLISH HERITAGE

Vol III Townwall Street, Dover. Excavations 1996
Keith Parfitt, Barry Corke & John Cotter

In 1996 Canterbury Archaeological Trust conducted major excavations on the north-western side of Townwall Street, at Dover, ahead of the reconstruction of a petrol station. The site lies beyond the centre of the historic town, below Dover Castle, about 150 metres inland from the present seashore. It stands upon a ridge of sandy shingle, probably an earlier beach ridge. Contrary to local tradition, there was no evidence that the medieval town wall had ever crossed the site. Part of the area lay over East Brook Water, a large tidal lagoon formed during the sixteenth century.

The earliest activity on the site occurred during the mid to late twelfth century. In the later twelfth century (Period 1 c.1175–1300), more intensive occupation began. A small series of building plots was established. Most of the Period 1 buildings were dwellings. They were associated with large quantities of domestic rubbish including broken pottery, small finds, animal bones and fish bones. The medieval pottery recovered represents a large and important assemblage, which has been analysed in some detail. The significant amount of fish bone found, together with many fish-hooks and other fishing equipment underlines the importance of fishing to the people who lived in this area. Following the densely packed timber buildings of Period 1, there was a marked decline in activity from the end of the thirteenth century. More intensive occupation resumed in the post-medieval period (Period 3, c.1550–1780). A series of buildings was constructed along Clarence Street, although the entire area on the southern side of the street was eventually cleared to make way for Clarence House and later, the Burlington Hotel. Extensive War damage led to large-scale demolition and limited re-development of the district during the 1950s and 60s.

Hard back, cloth bound, dust jacket.
Dimensions: 22 x 28 cm. 460 pages. 240 figures and plates
ISBN (10 digit) 1 870545 05 2
ISBN (13 digit) 978 1 870545 10 5
Price £25.00 (GBP) / €36.46 (EURO)

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
AND FUNDED BY THE AURELIUS CHARITABLE TRUST AND THE DOVER SOCIETY

Canterbury Archaeological Trust Occasional Papers

No 1 A Twelfth-Century Pottery Kiln at Pound Lane, Canterbury:
evidence for an Immigrant Potter in the Late Norman Period,
John Cotter (1997)

In 1986 a medieval pottery kiln was excavated at Pound Lane, Canterbury. It is the only medieval kiln to have been found in the city and remarkably it appears to have been worked by a continental potter, perhaps a Norman, at some date around the middle of the twelfth century.

Though made from local materials, the wheel-thrown, sometimes glazed and roulette-decorated ware produced here signals a major break with local Kentish ceramic traditions and indeed the degree of continental influence exhibited by Pound Lane ware is practically unique among contemporary English pottery industries.

The report contains a short account of the site and excavation, followed by a more detailed account of the kiln itself, its plan and parallels. An extensive typology of the kiln products is presented together with observations on manufacture and statistical frequency. The local, English and European contexts of the Pound Lane industry are each treated in detail and an attempt is made to define the likely homeland of the immigrant potter. This section is copiously illustrated with parallels taken from a wide range of continental imports as well as previously unpublished material. Later sections examine Canterbury's particularly rich documentary sources for evidence of potters, immigrant communities and the possibility of Church patronage. The duration of the kiln and interaction with the local (Tyler Hill) potting community are also considered.

This is considerably broader in scope than most medieval pottery reports. The continental connections involved raise some thought-provoking questions on the extent to which immigrant potters may have influenced the development of English pottery in the Norman period and to what extent this was a new phenomenon or just the continuation of a much older one. Probably the main implication of the report however is that the consequences of Norman occupation may have had more far-reaching effects on native English pottery industries than has hitherto been supposed.

Paperback. A4, 124 pages, 69 figures
ISBN 1 870545 07 9
Price GB £9.95

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM ENGLISH HERITAGE AND A DONATION FROM BARRETTS OF CANTERBURY

No 2 Copperas:
An account of the Whitstable Works and the first industrial-scale chemical production in England,
Tim Allen, Mike Cotterill & Geoffrey Pike

In 1995 an extraordinary array of timber posts set in bright yellow mortar was exposed by marine erosion of the Tankerton foreshore at Whitstable, Kent. Canterbury Archaeological Trust, with the help of English Heritage and Canterbury City Council, later carried out a two-year investigation of these features and began research into what they could tell of the history of Whitstable. This publication describes how some of the remains were identified as part of a copperas works, representing unique evidence of the first major chemical industry to be established in England.

The excavation report is followed by a description of the industrial process and the chemistry of copperas production, and outlines its important role in the development of the fertiliser and other modern chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This is followed by a comprehensive history of the copperas industry, describing its complex relationship with sixteenth- and seventeenth-century migrations from the Low Countries, and demonstrating how the industry was intrinsically linked with the new role of capital in the economy of late sixteenth-century England. A history of the works at Whitstable, their impact on the town and some of the families connected with the industry, makes strong use of documentary evidence and brings the account to its conclusion.

Paperback. A4, 64 pages, 28 figures including 12 full colour
ISBN 1 870545 08 7
Price GB £13.95

Canterbury Archaeological Trust Occasional Paper No. 3
A Bronze Age Settlement at Kemsley,
near Sittingbourne, Kent.

Mick Diack

A programme of archaeological investigation was carried out by Canterbury Archaeological Trust in advance of a new housing development at the town of Kemsley, near Sittingbourne, Kent between 1998 and 2003. Late Mesolithic to Early Bronze Age activity was indicated by lithic artefacts, though these were residual and there were no archaeological features dating from this period. Archaeological features noted on site date from the Middle Bronze Age onwards. Three Middle Bronze Age phases of activity were identified. The earliest phase consisted of a single narrow ditch located in the north-western part of the site, thought to represent the establishment of an agricultural field system. This was followed by an elaboration of the same field system with a further field system established to the west as well as a scatter of pits and post-holes throughout the site thought to be related to the field system. Settlement on the site was suggested by two possible round-houses and by a fire pit or oven. The final phase of Middle Bronze Age activity consisted of a roughly square enclosure that truncated both the later field system and the original narrow ditch. Activity continued on the site through to the Late Bronze Age with two phases of activity noted. The earlier phase consisted of further ditches representing agricultural field systems in the western and eastern parts of the site, as well as scattered pits and post-holes. A large circular enclosure, with associated features including a cobbled surface, was also noted in the south-western part of the site. The later phase of Late Bronze Age activity consisted of a continuation of the field system in the eastern part of the site as well as various other features scattered throughout the site. The next dated period of activity consisted of medieval period linear features in the north-eastern part of the site. A large number of features remained unphased and undated, though many of these were probably also of a Bronze Age date and related to both the agricultural and settlement activity noted elsewhere.

Paperback. A4, 70 pages, 22 figures
ISBN 978-1-870545-09-9
Price £13.95 (GBP) / €20.35 (EURO)

PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
AND FUNDED BYABBEY DEVELOPMENTS LTD

Publications for children and teachers

Roman Canterbury – a journey into the past
Andy Harmsworth and Canterbury Archaeological Trust
(1994, reprinted 1995, revised 2004)
Price GB £3.95

Roman and Anglo-Saxon Canterbury Reconstructed –
a teaching resource pack
Marion Green (1998)
Price GB £5.00

A journey to Medieval Canterbury
Andy Harmsworth and Canterbury Archaeological Trust (2001)
Price GB £4.95

Canterbury's Archaeology: Annual Reports

Reports up to and including 1996–1997 (where available) are priced at GB £2.00.
Issues from 1997 to 2005 are GB £5.00 and the latest issue, 2005–2006, is GB £10.00

Other Publications and Miscellanea

The Dover Bronze Age Boat
Edited by Peter Clark

The Dover Bronze Age boat, dated to c.1550 BC, is one of the most important and spectacular wooden objects ever found in Europe. This richly illustrated book, comprising specialist reports, tells the dramatic story of its discovery and excavation, and the pioneering work on its conservation, re-assembly and display in Dover Museum.

In addition to a detailed description of the boat itself, which was not a wreck but had been partially dismantled, the book explores the method of its construction, employing a woodworking tradition now long forgotten; its original form, capabilities and performance; and its function and place in Bronze Age society. It presents new and innovative techniques for the study of ancient timbers and describes an experiment in building a copy of the boat using replicas of Bronze Age tools.

English Heritage 2004, Paperback, 340 pages, many b/w illustrations

ISBN 1873592590
Price GB £75.00

Environmental Archaeology:
Theoretical and Practical Approaches
Nick Branch, Matthew Canti, Peter Clark, Chris Turney

Environmental Archaeology: Theoretical and Practical Approaches outlines and assesses the various methods used to reconstruct and explain the past interaction between people and their environment.

Emphasising the importance of a highly scientific approach to the subject, the book combines geoarchaeological, bioarchaeological (archaeobotany and zooarchaeology) and geochronological information and examines how these various aspects of archaeology may be used to enhance our knowledge and understanding of past human environments.

Drawing from both the practical experiences of the authors and cutting-edge research, Environmental Archaeology: Theoretical and Practical Approaches is a valuable contribution to the subject. It will be essential reading for students and professionals in archaeology, geography and anthropology.

About the Authors:
Nick Branch is Lecturer in Environmental Archaeology at Royal Holloway, University of London, UK.
Matthew Canti is a Geoarchaeologist at the Centre for Archaeology, English Heritage, UK.
Peter Clark is Deputy Director at Canterbury Archaeological Trust, UK.
Chris Turney is Queen Elizabeth II fellow at the University of Wollongong, Australia.

Hodder Arnold 2005, Paperback, Extent: 288, Series: Key Issues in Environmental Change

Click here to buy online at Hodder Education
338 Euston Road, London, NW1 3BH, UK
tel + 44 (0)20 7873 6000 • fax + 44 (0)20 7873 6299
email educationenquiries@hodder.co.uk

ISBN 0340808713
Price GB £22.99

The Dover Bronze Age Boat in Context
Society and water transport in prehistoric Europe
Edited by Peter Clark

The discovery by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust of the Bronze Age boat in Dover in 1992 was one of the most important British archaeological finds of the later twentieth century. The complex, perfectly preserved sewn-plank boat, dating from the second millennium BC, was not only a remarkable find in its own right but it also alluded to a highly sophisticated society that made and used the boat more than three and a half millennia ago.

ISBN 1 84217 139 9
Price GB £30.00

Small colour postcards (GB 15p each)
William the Conqueror silver penny; family burial of the 5th century; fragment of Roman face pot; Longmarket mosaic; Lanfranc's cathedral reconstruction; Late Iron Age 'Belgic' pots from Canterbury; 6th century Canterbury Pendant; Canterbury's Westgate; Canterbury's Royal castle reconstruction; Viking raid c. 1011; Roman necklaces.

Ordnance Survey Historical Map & Guide, Roman and Medieval Canterbury
Scale 1:2500. Valuable resource showing evidence for the street plans and major features of both the Roman and Medieval town. Both periods clearly indicated and set against the modern street grid. Text summaries and selected colour images representing Canterbury in Roman, Anglo-Saxon and Medieval times.Also useful for schools.

ISBN: 9780319290262
Price GB £3.95

PUBLISHED BY RCHM (England) AND CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD

The Archbishop's Palace, Canterbury
J. Rady, T. Tatton-Brown, J.A. Bowen.
Bound offprint from the Journal of the British Archaeological Association
vol. cxliv (1991)

Price GB £3.00

Canterbury City Wall Trail
Available in English, French, German and Dutch.
Softback. Dimensions: 10 x 21 cm. 28 pages. Full colour throughout.

Available from the Canterbury Tourist Information Centre, 12/13 Sun Street, Canterbury, Kent, +44(0)1227 378100

The Pilgrims Inns of Canterbury (a coloured leaflet, produced in 1991)

Price GB 50p