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Canterbury
Archaeological Trust Occasional Paper No. 6
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Canterbury Archaeological Trust Occasional
Paper No. 5
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The Archaeology of Canterbury monograph seriesOur first monograph series was begun in the early 1980s. Vol I Excavations at Canterbury CastlePaul Bennett, S.S. Frere and Sally Stow (1982) Sites covered: Rosemary Lane car park; Castle keep. Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY |
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Vol
II Excavations on the Roman and Medieval Defences of
Canterbury Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY |
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Vol
IV Excavations in the Cathedral Precincts, 2 'Meister
Omers', Linacre Garden, and St Gabriel's Chapel Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD AND KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY |
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Vol
V Excavations in the Marlowe Car Park and Surrounding
Areas Some of the largest and most important urban excavations ever undertaken in Europe are presented in this publication. They were conducted in the heart of the City of Canterbury, giving a record of its occupation over the last 2,000 years. Early excavations were carried out by the Canterbury Excavation Committee between 1946 and 1955, and more recently by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust between 1978 and 1982, prior to the construction of a large shopping arcade. Part I provides an interpretation of over 100 structures which are discussed and illustrated in detail. These include a Belgic triple-ditched enclosure containing round-houses; the Roman public bath-house, portico and piscina, with adjacent town-houses, shops and streets; Anglo-Saxon sunken structures; medieval churches with associated burials, stables and rubbish pits; and a number of post-medieval buildings. Part II contains extensive reports on the finds including important groups of Late Roman, Anglo-Saxon and post-medieval pottery. Amongst the small find reports is a large collection of brooches dating from pre-Roman to Anglo-Saxon times; waste from a Roman bone pin workshop; a unique group of Roman horse harness equipment; and Anglo-Saxon bone combs. A large assemblage of glass including a fragment of a Roman chariot race cup is published, as well as specialist reports on building materials including painted wall plaster, marble and tile. Boxed
set of two hardback volumes and wallet with outsize illustrations. PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD WITH THE AID OF A GRANT |
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Vol
VII Excavations in the St George's Street and Burgate
Street Areas Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED
FOR CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD
BY
KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY |
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Vol
VIII Canterbury Excavations: Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED FOR CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD BY KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM THE HISTORIC BUILDINGS AND MONUMENTS COMMISSION (ENGLAND) |
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| Unfortunately the two remaining volumes in the series, Vol III (Excavations in the Cathedral Precincts, 1: The 'Aula Nova', Almonry Chapel and Lanfranc's Dormitory) and Vol VI (Excavations in the Castle Street and Stour Street Areas) remain unpublished. | |||||||||
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The Archaeology of Canterbury (New Series)Vol
I Canterbury Cathedral Nave: Archaeology, History and
Architecture In the spring of 1993 the relaying of the nave floor of Canterbury Cathedral allowed for an excavation by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust which revealed the foundations of the Anglo-Saxon churches. A few fragments remain of a seventh-century Kentish church like those formerly at St Augustine's Abbey and Reculver. This was extended in the ninth century to provide a church with a long nave and aisles. The design of its east end was not established by excavation, as this lies under the existing crypt, but it is known to have been apsidal. To this church was added a large western apse with hexagonal stair towers in the early eleventh century. Thus the Anglo-Saxon cathedral at its fullest extent has been described as ‘one of the major early medieval churches of northern Europe’. The excavation report by Kevin Blockley is published with figures, photographs and plans, plus two reconstruction drawings by Ivan Lapper, of the Anglo-Saxon cathedral and that of Lanfranc, finished in 1077, the foundations of which were also discovered. There are the normal specialist short reports. In addition there are two essays on the nave. Tim Tatton-Brown writes about the rebuilding of the Lanfranc nave between 1377–1405, and the later fifteenth-century rebuilding of the western transepts and crossing tower. His essay is based on many years' study of the architecture and documents. Margaret Sparks’ essay is in two parts – the liturgical use of the nave 1077–1540 and the fittings, repair and use of the nave 1541–1993. Evidence has been assembled from chronicles, inventories, antiquarians’ descriptions, Dean and Chapter documents and prints and drawings. Hard
back, cloth bound, dust jacket PUBLISHED
BY THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL |
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Vol
II St Gregory’s Priory, Northgate, Canterbury Excavations
1988–1991 Between 1988 and 1991 the extensive remains of two ecclesiastical establishments were excavated at the site of St Gregory’s Priory in Northgate, Canterbury. The first is traditionally recorded as being founded in A.D. 1084 by Archbishop Lanfranc, as a sister establishment to St John’s Hospital on the opposite side of the Northgate road. After a fire in 1145 the priory was rebuilt on a grander scale, probably under the patronage of Archbishop Theobald (1139–61). The excavations uncovered substantial parts of both Lanfranc’s foundation and Theobald’s priory. The report uses the archaeological data and documentary evidence to detail the development history of the ecclesiastical establishments. Later chapters examine the range of artefactual material recovered from the site including the important collections of architectural fragments and floor tiles, which together with the window glass, wall plaster and other structural artefacts provide evidence of the internal and external decorations. The pottery and domestic objects suggest how the priory inhabitants may have lived and interacted with medieval society around them. Study of the animal bones, environmental remains and human skeletal material has provided an insight into the diet, prosperity and economy of the inhabitants. A final chapter uses documentary evidence to describe the history of the priory up to its dissolution in 1537. Hard back, cloth bound,
dust jacket. PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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Vol
III Townwall
Street, Dover. Excavations 1996 In 1996 Canterbury Archaeological Trust conducted major excavations on the north-western side of Townwall Street, at Dover, ahead of the reconstruction of a petrol station. The site lies beyond the centre of the historic town, below Dover Castle, about 150 metres inland from the present seashore. It stands upon a ridge of sandy shingle, probably an earlier beach ridge. Contrary to local tradition, there was no evidence that the medieval town wall had ever crossed the site. Part of the area lay over East Brook Water, a large tidal lagoon formed during the sixteenth century. The earliest activity on the site occurred during the mid to late twelfth century. In the later twelfth century (Period 1 c.1175–1300), more intensive occupation began. A small series of building plots was established. Most of the Period 1 buildings were dwellings. They were associated with large quantities of domestic rubbish including broken pottery, small finds, animal bones and fish bones. The medieval pottery recovered represents a large and important assemblage, which has been analysed in some detail. The significant amount of fish bone found, together with many fish-hooks and other fishing equipment underlines the importance of fishing to the people who lived in this area. Following the densely packed timber buildings of Period 1, there was a marked decline in activity from the end of the thirteenth century. More intensive occupation resumed in the post-medieval period (Period 3, c.1550–1780). A series of buildings was constructed along Clarence Street, although the entire area on the southern side of the street was eventually cleared to make way for Clarence House and later, the Burlington Hotel. Extensive War damage led to large-scale demolition and limited re-development of the district during the 1950s and 60s. Hard back, cloth bound,
dust jacket. PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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Vol
IV Highstead,
near Chislet, Kent. Excavations 1975–1977 Paul Bennett, Peter Couldrey and Nigel Macpherson-Grant (2007) Professor Barry Cunliffe writes in his foreword: ‘The publication
of the excavation of the multi-period settlement site at Highstead near
Chislet is a matter for celebration. Highstead, with its long sequence
of occupation spanning the first millennium B.C. and early first millennium
A.D., was excavated under difficult conditions between 1975 and 1977 in
those pioneering days when rescue archaeology was in its infancy. It is
a story well told by Paul Bennett in his preface and is a stark reminder
of how hand-to-mouth archaeology was in the era before developer-funding.
What the small dedicated team managed to recover during the course of
those three punishing years was little short of remarkable. More remarkable
still has been the dogged determination of the Canterbury Archaeological
Trust to see the project through to the completion of full academic publication. Hard back, cloth bound,
dust jacket. PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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Canterbury Archaeological Trust Occasional PapersNo
1 A Twelfth-Century Pottery Kiln at Pound Lane, Canterbury:
In 1986 a medieval pottery kiln was excavated at Pound Lane, Canterbury. It is the only medieval kiln to have been found in the city and remarkably it appears to have been worked by a continental potter, perhaps a Norman, at some date around the middle of the twelfth century. Though made from local materials, the wheel-thrown, sometimes glazed and roulette-decorated ware produced here signals a major break with local Kentish ceramic traditions and indeed the degree of continental influence exhibited by Pound Lane ware is practically unique among contemporary English pottery industries. The report contains a short account of the site and excavation, followed by a more detailed account of the kiln itself, its plan and parallels. An extensive typology of the kiln products is presented together with observations on manufacture and statistical frequency. The local, English and European contexts of the Pound Lane industry are each treated in detail and an attempt is made to define the likely homeland of the immigrant potter. This section is copiously illustrated with parallels taken from a wide range of continental imports as well as previously unpublished material. Later sections examine Canterbury's particularly rich documentary sources for evidence of potters, immigrant communities and the possibility of Church patronage. The duration of the kiln and interaction with the local (Tyler Hill) potting community are also considered. This is considerably broader in scope than most medieval pottery reports. The continental connections involved raise some thought-provoking questions on the extent to which immigrant potters may have influenced the development of English pottery in the Norman period and to what extent this was a new phenomenon or just the continuation of a much older one. Probably the main implication of the report however is that the consequences of Norman occupation may have had more far-reaching effects on native English pottery industries than has hitherto been supposed. Paperback.
A4, 124 pages, 69 figures PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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No
2 Copperas: In 1995 an extraordinary array of timber posts set in bright yellow mortar was exposed by marine erosion of the Tankerton foreshore at Whitstable, Kent. Canterbury Archaeological Trust, with the help of English Heritage and Canterbury City Council, later carried out a two-year investigation of these features and began research into what they could tell of the history of Whitstable. This publication describes how some of the remains were identified as part of a copperas works, representing unique evidence of the first major chemical industry to be established in England. The excavation report is followed by a description of the industrial process and the chemistry of copperas production, and outlines its important role in the development of the fertiliser and other modern chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This is followed by a comprehensive history of the copperas industry, describing its complex relationship with sixteenth- and seventeenth-century migrations from the Low Countries, and demonstrating how the industry was intrinsically linked with the new role of capital in the economy of late sixteenth-century England. A history of the works at Whitstable, their impact on the town and some of the families connected with the industry, makes strong use of documentary evidence and brings the account to its conclusion. Paperback.
A4, 64 pages, 28 figures including 12 colour PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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No
3 A Bronze Age Settlement at Kemsley, near Sittingbourne,
Kent A programme of archaeological investigation was carried out by Canterbury Archaeological Trust in advance of a new housing development at the town of Kemsley, near Sittingbourne, Kent between 1998 and 2003. Late Mesolithic to Early Bronze Age activity was indicated by lithic artefacts, though these were residual and there were no archaeological features dating from this period. Archaeological features noted on site date from the Middle Bronze Age onwards. Three Middle Bronze Age phases of activity were identified. The earliest phase consisted of a single narrow ditch located in the north-western part of the site, thought to represent the establishment of an agricultural field system. This was followed by an elaboration of the same field system with a further field system established to the west as well as a scatter of pits and post-holes throughout the site thought to be related to the field system. Settlement on the site was suggested by two possible round-houses and by a fire pit or oven. The final phase of Middle Bronze Age activity consisted of a roughly square enclosure that truncated both the later field system and the original narrow ditch. Activity continued on the site through to the Late Bronze Age with two phases of activity noted. The earlier phase consisted of further ditches representing agricultural field systems in the western and eastern parts of the site, as well as scattered pits and post-holes. A large circular enclosure, with associated features including a cobbled surface, was also noted in the south-western part of the site. The later phase of Late Bronze Age activity consisted of a continuation of the field system in the eastern part of the site as well as various other features scattered throughout the site. The next dated period of activity consisted of medieval period linear features in the north-eastern part of the site. A large number of features remained unphased and undated, though many of these were probably also of a Bronze Age date and related to both the agricultural and settlement activity noted elsewhere. Paperback.
A4, 70 pages, 22 figures PUBLISHED
BY CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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No
4 At the Great Crossroads. Prehistoric, Roman and
medieval discoveries on the Isle of Thanet 1994–95 The widening of the road between the Monkton and Mount Pleasant roundabouts on the A253 led to the archaeological investigation of a 3km long strip of land between July 1994 and February 1995. Prehistoric discoveries
included Neolithic inhumations and pits, well-preserved Beaker graves
and ten ring-ditches of late Neolithic and Bronze Age date. An extensive
and unusual Roman settlement of the late first to early second century
AD was characterised by a large number of sunken-floored buildings. A
small rectangular structure on the fringes of the settlement may have
been a roadside shrine. A small Anglo-Saxon cemetery was located at the
eastern end of the excavated area and at the western end a medieval farmstead
with at least five buildings was investigated. Soft back PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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No.
5 Wainscott Northern By-pass, Archaeological Investigations
1992–1997 Excavations in advance of the construction of the Wainscott Northern By-Pass in north-western Kent between 1992 and 1997 revealed a settlement site chiefly dating to the Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods. During the second and third centuries AD a square chalk-built heated building was constructed set within a ditched enclosure. Primarily intended for malting or drying grain, it was probably used for other purposes such as the biscuit firing of hollow tiles; great quantities of brickmaking waste suggested the presence of a Roman tile kiln nearby. The size of the structure implies that it served a villa-sized farm in the area. In the middle Anglo-Saxon period a rare bow-sided timber hall was constructed within an enclosure just to the east of the earlier Roman settlement, associated with rubbish pits, several of which had been used for the disposal of cess. Another enclosure, wooden buildings and rubbish pits lay to the west of this, directly overlying the Roman remains. The settlement was probably abandoned in the eighth or ninth century AD, after which the site was given over to agriculture. Soft back PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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No.
6 Excavations at North Lane, Canterbury 1993 and
1996 Further evidence for the industrial nature of the northern extra-mural suburb of Canterbury from the Roman, through medieval and post-medieval periods, was discovered in excavations close to North Lane. Roman discoveries include quarries servicing the pottery and tile industry, a series of heavily-used roads and a late Roman road-side burial, possibly a family group. Medieval industrial and commercial activity to the rear of premises on North Lane is evident from the contents of pits and features of the period. A study of medieval plots and later boundaries suggests that the line of the Roman road was preserved in the local topography until relatively recent times. Soft back PUBLISHED BY CANTERBURY
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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Publications for children and teachersRoman
Canterbury – a journey into the past
Roman
and Anglo-Saxon Canterbury Reconstructed – A
journey to Medieval Canterbury
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Canterbury's Archaeology: Annual ReportsBack issues (where
available) are GB £5.00. |
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Other Publications and Miscellanea |
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The
Dover Bronze Age Boat The Dover Bronze Age boat, dated to c.1550 BC, is one of the most important and spectacular wooden objects ever found in Europe. This richly illustrated book, comprising specialist reports, tells the dramatic story of its discovery and excavation, and the pioneering work on its conservation, re-assembly and display in Dover Museum. In addition to a detailed description of the boat itself, which was not a wreck but had been partially dismantled, the book explores the method of its construction, employing a woodworking tradition now long forgotten; its original form, capabilities and performance; and its function and place in Bronze Age society. It presents new and innovative techniques for the study of ancient timbers and describes an experiment in building a copy of the boat using replicas of Bronze Age tools. English Heritage 2004, Paperback, 340 pages, many b/w illustrations ISBN 1873592590
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Environmental
Archaeology: Environmental Archaeology: Theoretical and Practical Approaches outlines and assesses the various methods used to reconstruct and explain the past interaction between people and their environment. Emphasising the importance of a highly scientific approach to the subject, the book combines geoarchaeological, bioarchaeological (archaeobotany and zooarchaeology) and geochronological information and examines how these various aspects of archaeology may be used to enhance our knowledge and understanding of past human environments. Drawing from both the practical experiences of the authors and cutting-edge research, Environmental Archaeology: Theoretical and Practical Approaches is a valuable contribution to the subject. It will be essential reading for students and professionals in archaeology, geography and anthropology. About the Authors:
Hodder Arnold 2005, Paperback, Extent: 288, Series: Key Issues in Environmental Change Click
here to buy online at Hodder Education ISBN 0340808713
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The
Dover Bronze Age Boat in Context The discovery by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust of the Bronze Age boat in Dover in 1992 was one of the most important British archaeological finds of the later twentieth century. The complex, perfectly preserved sewn-plank boat, dating from the second millennium BC, was not only a remarkable find in its own right but it also alluded to a highly sophisticated society that made and used the boat more than three and a half millennia ago. This monograph presents papers from a conference held in Dover in 2002 which brought together scholars from all over Europe to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the discovery. In it the authors build a picture of what life was like at the time that the Dover boat set sail, from its marine environment and seaworthiness, boat-building techniques and materials, to the possible social and religious perceptions of boats and sea voyages more generally. They explore the implications of the discovery for Bronze Age society, water transport and cultural contact in a European context, from the shores of Britain, through northern and central Europe, to the eastern Mediterranean and beyond. Available from Oxbow Books, Park End Place, Oxford, OX1
1HN ISBN
1 84217 139 9 |
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Small
colour postcards (GB 15p each) |
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Large
(170 x 120 mm) postcards depicting reconstructions of the
town (GB 20p each) Anglo-Saxon Canterbury c. AD 650; Becket's Canterbury; Burgate in the mid16th century; Burgate in the 17th century; Roman Ridingate c. AD 300. |
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Ordnance
Survey Historical Map & Guide, Roman and Medieval Canterbury ISBN:
9780319290262 PUBLISHED BY RCHM (England) AND CANTERBURY ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LTD |
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Offprints
from Archaeologia Cantiana A diminishing number of these are available at GB 50p each They include: Interim reports on excavations in 1978; 1979, 1983, 1984, 1993 ; Some Minor Excavations in 1977–78; Four Minor Sites Excavated in 1978–79 (1980); Excavations at the 'Old Palace' Bekesbourne, near Canterbury (1980); the Topography of Horton Manor (1982); Three Great Benedictine House in Kent (1984); The Recovery and Excavation of the St Augustine's Abbey site 1844–1947 (1984); The Topography of Roman Canterbury (1984); Excavations in advance of the dualling of the A253 between the Monkton and Mount Pleasant roundabouts (1996). |
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| Information
leaflets from past excavations (GB 35p each) These are photocopied leaflets and include: St John's Hospital 1084–1984; The Westgate; The Ridingate; St George's Gate; Burgate; St Margaret's Church; The Royal Castle; Christchurch Priory c. 1160; Christchurch Priory and the New Foundation; St Augustine's Abbey and the Royal Palace; The Archbishop's Palace; Monkton; Buckland Anglo-Saxon cemetery; Dover's Bronze Age boat; Some of these are published in entirety at Key Kent sites |
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The
Archbishop's Palace, Canterbury Bound
offprint from the Journal of the British Archaeological Association Price GB £3.00 |
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Canterbury
City Wall Trail
Softback. Dimensions: 10 x 21 cm. 28 pages. Full colour throughout. Available from the Canterbury Tourist Information Centre, 12/13 Sun Street, Canterbury, Kent, +44(0)1227 378100 |
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The Pilgrims Inns of Canterbury (a coloured leaflet, produced in 1991) Price GB 50p |
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